Renning 老师把最近带的一个SAT Essay的小班的学生成绩进行了一个对比，这几位同学今年5月份都是第一次参加Essay考试，取得的成绩如下表左侧统计。在10月份考试前，几位同学断断续续地只上了几次课来为Essay考试冲刺。
Renning 老师把最近带的一个SAT Essay的小班的学生成绩进行了一个对比，这几位同学今年5月份都是第一次参加Essay考试，取得的成绩如下表左侧统计。在10月份考试前，几位同学断断续续地只上了几次课来为Essay考试冲刺。我大概统计了一下，每个学生上正课的时间加在一起也就是3次课6个小时，模考篇章也都是3篇左右，在这种情况下能做到单项分数涨1-2分，老师还是比较欣慰的，毕竟我们的SAT Essay满分才8分。但是我更确定的是，如果这几位同学在考试前能够再多挤出一些时间正式地多上几次课或者多计时练习几篇文章，分数一定可以提高得更多。本文将分析一下，几位同学的分数是因为什么有所上涨，在下一次考试中，还需解决哪些问题，做好哪些方面，才能让总分涨到 6 / 6 / 6 及以上。
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5月成绩 |
10月成绩 |
涨幅 |
上课小时数 |
|
骆同学 |
6 / 2 / 5 |
6 / 4 / 6 |
0 / 2 / 1 |
6小时 |
|
王同学 |
6 / 4 / 5 |
6 / 4 / 6 |
0 / 0 / 1 |
6小时 |
|
贺同学 |
4 / 2 / 4 |
5 / 4 / 5 |
1 / 2 / 1 |
6小时 |
|
沈同学 |
4 / 3 / 4 |
5 / 4 / 5 |
1 / 1 / 1 |
6小时 |
在这三次课中，
第一节课重点教了几位同学Essay的时间把控以及阅读文章大意，精读文章主旨，抓论点论据和论证的能力。
第二次课重点练了列大纲的能力，怎样把主旨和修辞结合在一起完成主体段。
第三次课学习了Essay专用的分析性句型130句里面的常用句，并且练习了开头段和结尾段的写作。
骆同学的分析部分分数能从2分提升到4分，最主要的就是她明显比以前更会抓文章主旨以及修辞法了，论据虽然还抓不全但也比上次考试多抓到了一些。贺同学和沈同学能在阅读和分析上各自提高1-2分，也是因为在快速把“主旨，修辞，论证”列成大纲的能力上有所提升。
那么今天重点给所有备考下次SAT Essay考试的同学提供两种大纲的写法。
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写法一：主体段沿着修辞去写
Paragraph 1： → Hook句，引出话题 → Argument句，写出主旨 → Rhetorics句，写出方法
Paragraph 2： 修辞方法1 → 修辞名称 （如contrast） → 修辞1具体内容 （引用文中数据A和数据B的对比） → 本修辞法为了表达的主旨 （因文章而异） → 本修辞法的论证句 （如add credibility to ）
Paragraph 3： 修辞方法2 → 修辞名称 （如research evidence） → 修辞2具体内容 （引用文中某某大学或机构的研究报告） → 本修辞法为了表达的主旨（因文章而异） → 本修辞法的论证句（如lend legitimacy to ）
Paragraph 4： 修辞方法3 → 修辞名称 （如Rhetorical Questions） → 修辞3具体内容 （问句1,2,3的引用） → 本修辞法为了表达的主旨（因文章而异） → 本修辞法的论证句（如appeal to emotion ）
Paragraph 5：未用修辞法的主旨补充段 →补充主旨1 （此段根据文章情况，可写可不写） →补充主旨2 →补充主旨3
Paragraph 6：总结段 |
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写法二：主体段沿着主旨去写
Paragraph 1： → Hook句，引出话题 → Argument句，写出主旨 → Rhetorics句，写出方法
Paragraph 2： 主旨1 → 主旨1具体内容 （因文章而异） → 为表达本主旨所使用的修辞1 （如refutation） → 修辞1具体内容 （引出文章反驳的观点及反驳的内容） → 本修辞法的论证句 （如sway readers into agreeing with …）
Paragraph 3： 主旨2 → 主旨2具体内容 （因文章而异） → 为表达本主旨所使用的修辞2（如exemplification） → 修辞2具体内容 （引出文章中所用example的具体内容） → 本修辞法的论证句 （如find more credence with …）
Paragraph 4： 主旨3 → 主旨3具体内容 （因文章而异） → 为表达本主旨所使用的修辞3（如diction） → 修辞3具体内容 （引出文章中所用经典词汇或短语） → 本修辞法的论证句 （include readers into the conversation）
Paragraph 5：总结段
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有了这两种大纲后，同学们写SAT Essay的整体结构就瞬间捋顺清楚了，考试现场也不用浪费时间思考段落布局了，而且最重要的是，让自己的文章内容丰富且充满逻辑，让考官立刻就能抓到你分析出来的主旨，论据和修辞。
至于这两种大纲上的使用有任何问题，可以咨询瀚森老师，联系我，我用例子给你再详细讲解一下，因为本文篇幅字数有限，这里就不用真题例子详细解释了，稍微学过一些或者了解Essay考试的学生，大概还是看的懂老师所列的大纲的，细节问题我们后续讨论。
另一点让我欣慰的是，几位同学这次写作Writing这一项的分数全部都涨了一分，其实在短期内要明显减少句中常见语法错误一般达不到理想的效果，所以我分析，此次写作的分数主要是提高在几位同学分析性句型的应用上。在考试前，老师统一集中强化地教了几位同学130句型，在考试中如果能应用哪怕10几句，也是会把分析性文章整体的分析感拉上来的。下面就举几个常用的句子，（部分句式参考Essay界大神鲍老师，万分感谢。）
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开头句 →In her article “…” the author … shows her concern with the issue that … →In the article “…” the writer … exposes the fact that... |
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主旨句 →The authors of the paper “…”, A, B, and C, are faced with the daunting challenge of persuading the public to care about the … →The author indicates her argument by first saying that… →the author imparts to his audience a sense of both responsibility and hope |
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方法句 →The author uses statistics from reputable sources to appeal to logic and also employs rhetorical questions to appeal to emotions and ethnics. →In order to appeal to the logical side of the human mind, the author relies heavily on facts, statistics, and evidence compiles from reliable, trusted sources. She begins by supplying the reader with →They achieve their goal by formulating a well-organized, effective argument. The authors are hoping to persuade their audience to do two things. →They attempt to change their readers’ views on … by first using statistical evidence from trusted sources, then employing reasons to appeal to ethics and logic. →The authors use this evidence in order to fully illustrate the problem. →Examples of their effective use of facts and numbers include a recent scientific study that shows that… →In crafting her argument, she masterfully makes use of statistics, contrast, research evidence, as well as examples to win over readers. →To make their argument solid and convincing, they employ such argumentative techniques as anecdote, diction, and example. →As a steadfast advocate for …, he is concerned with the issue, and by proficiently using contrast, evidence and rhetorical questioning, he crafts a powerful argument to persuade readers that … |
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论据分析句 →Providing evidence from authoritative sources (…) adds legitimacy to the writer’s claim in the paragraph… →The writer cites data commissioned by an authoritative source (…) to lend credibility to his subsequent point that … →The writer again uses data, this time from a … study, as further evidence to support his earlier claim that … →In paragraph…, she cites the research from prestigious universities, which found that… |
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过渡句 →His first piece of evidence is… →This continues as he talks about… →To further underscore … →The author then transitions into discussing his belief that… →He goes on to assert that… →The author further establishes his argument by showing … →The author moves to another point in his argument about … →She continues to refer to the study by… |
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论证分析句 →Placing this statistic in the first sentence adds urgency to his pleas →The author demonstrates that he is knowledgeable about several sides of the issue. →The author uses specific statistics as evidence to back up his claim that… →Referring to a specific event from as recently as a week ago makes the subject seem very timely. →The author uses specific examples to restate his point that… →The presentation of facts and evidence supports the claim that follows at the end of the paragraph that… →The writer moves from evoking fear to reassuring readers that there is a solution to the problem of … →Laying out these contrasting numbers, she is showing… →In this way, the author is laying the groundwork for her later persuasion that… →By including this example as additional evidence, the author is boosting her readers’ faith in …, further swaying them into agreeing with her. →In using the story as concrete evidence to demonstrate …, the authors are adding more credibility to their argument. →These deliberately chosen words are all suggesting that… |
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修辞手法句 →He uses multiple examples to demonstrate that the popular perception of … is wrong →The subtle repetitions of … stir the audiences’ emotions as Gore leads them to envision a brighter future. →The author uses the word “A” to highlight the actual bad effects of … and thus creates a surprising and ridiculous effect. →The author uses a human body relevant word to… →The author cites research on … from the University of …, an authoritative source which gives scientific credibility to her argument that we should be concerned about… →Careful word choice makes his cause seem righteous. →The writer compares A to B. This imagery dramatizes the … →The writer chooses his words carefully in this paragraph in order to shape readers’ perception and bolster his claims … →The writer contrasts … with …, which is intended to frame a critical choice between … and … →One of the techniques she uses to appeal to emotion is the act of posing rhetorical questions. This method asks readers to imagine a scenario, involving themselves or their loved ones, and coaxes them to relate to the situation emotionally. →By using collective pronouns such as “we”, she includes the reader in the conversation. →She wraps up her argument with an impassioned call to action, using active verb choice and imperative language to create a rallying cry of sorts. →the author goes on to establish solid foundations for her argument by incorporating research evidence from multiple sources. →In the article, the authors present a detailed account of the story of… →By using well-crafted diction to further foster readers’ detestation of …, the authors succeed in one more step in persuading readers of accepting their argument. →By putting this contrast in the opening of the article, the author means to draw readers' attention to the issue of reading from the very beginning →Apart from providing ample evidence, … also makes an effective use of rhetorical questioning to reinforce his argument. |
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总结句 →Overall, the author’s argument is well thought out and well structured, beginning by appealing to cold, hard logic with numbers and evidence from reputable sources. After she appeals to logic, she moves on to ethics and emotions. This persuasive structure is highly effective, and the argument is clear and concise. By using these techniques, she structures a sound argument that effectively presents and argues her stance on → It is through telling story, strategically choosing words and providing concrete examples that the authors build their argument …, and sway readers into agreeing with them. → By making a deft use of rhetorical questions, contrast as well as evidence, the author crafts a cogent argument to convince his readers that … |
以上句子仅为130全句型库里的一部分，同学们可以自学一下，不认识的单词好好查词典，每个句子精准地翻译一下，思考一下可以用在哪一部分，当然如果看不懂，也可以随时来瀚森教育咨询，希望这些干货，可以对下次要考Essay的同学有所帮助。
最后谈一下，目前已经有6/4/6，或者5/4/5的同学怎样做到在下次考试中冲到6/6/6及以上的成绩。
1 你必须对Essay更重视起来，它毕竟是帮你加印象分的神器，要多花点时间和努力在上面，不要觉得自己简单准备准备就一定能打6/6/6的分数，此次班课中就因为有同学过于“小傲娇”，没有好好复习练习，才没有达到总分6/6/6以上的，虽然在我心里，几位同学中还是有人确实有这个基本功和能力的，所以，态度决定一切。
2 考前计时练习篇章和模考及分析的数量还没有达标，练得少，导致速度提不上去，无论是阅读的速度，还是分析的速度，无论是列大纲的速度，还是写作的速度，你都是要练到一定的量才能有速度和质的飞跃的。
3 学过的句型还没有背熟，还没有到能重新排列组合，灵活应用，创造自己专属的句式的程度，所以，分析性套句还要继续用功背。其实，句子并不只有这130句，你如果够刻苦，我能为你提供更多。
4 在分析上一直突破不了6，除了速度影响全面性以外，还有一个重大的问题就是逻辑顺序没有捋顺清楚，你把要写的点全部都抓出来了，那么按什么顺序来写，才能符合考官的要求呢？这一点，建议同学们到课堂中，跟着老师一起练。
三项成绩中，阅读和写作是容易提分的，但是很多同学最后都卡死在分析的分数上，所以分析一定是下次备考的重点，你觉得呢？
革命尚未成功，大家仍需努力，一起加油吧！争取下次都能666！
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